Medika Trada : Jurnal Teknik Elektromedik Polbitrada (JTEMP) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Research and Community Service Center (LPPM), Politeknik Bina Trada Semarang. The journal focuses on the development and dissemination of scientific research in the field of electromedical engineering and related interdisciplinary areas. The journal aims to provide a platform for researchers, academics, and practitioners to publish original research articles, reviews, and technical papers that contribute to advancements in biomedical and electromedical technologies. Starting with Vol. 4, No. 2 (2023), the Medika Trada : Jurnal Teknik Elektromedik Polbitrada (JTEMP) has been recognized with SINTA 3 accreditation—pursuant to the Decree of the Director General of Science and Technology Number 355/DST/D.D1/HM.01.01/2026 dated July 24, 2026, regarding New Accreditation Rankings for Scientific Journals (Period 4, 2023)—with validity extending through Vol. 9, No. 1 (2028). Medika Trada : Jurnal Teknik Elektromedik Polbitrada (JTEMP) is published biannually, in June and December. It welcomes high-quality manuscripts in the following topics: Electromedical Engineering Biomedical Engineering Medical Instrumentation Health Technology and Innovation Medical Signal and Image Processing Clinical Engineering and Healthcare System Health Information System Journal title: Medika Trada : Jurnal Teknik Elektromedik Polbitrada (JTEMP) Frequency: Biannual (June and December) DOI Prefix: 10.59485 Online ISSN: 2829-453X (Electronic) Editor in Chief: Abdul Haris Kuspranoto Publisher: LPPM Politeknik Bina Trada Semarang Citation indexing: Sinta, Google Scholar, Dimensions Medika Trada : Jurnal Teknik Elektromedik Polbitrada (JTEMP) is indexed by Official URL: https://journal.polbitrada.ac.id/index.php/Jtemp
Development of an IoT-Based Digital Pressure Meter for Suction Pump Pressure Testing and Automated Data Logging
A suction pump requires periodic vacuum-pressure verification to support consistent performance assessment and reliable documentation. This study developed an Internet of Things (IoT)-based Digital Pressure Meter (DPM) that displays pressure in mmHg, Pascal (Pa), and bar and transmits measurement records to Google Sheets. The device integrated an Arduino Mega 2560, an MPX5050DP pressure sensor, a DHT22 sensor, a TFT LCD, and an ESP8266 module. Testing was performed at 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mmHg with five repetitions at each point and comparison against a Fluke DPM4. The analysis included mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, bias, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and linear regression. Across the four non-zero points, the relative error against the set pressure ranged from 1.75% to 4.02%, with a MAPE of 2.68%; the coefficient of variation ranged from 0.40% to 2.95%. The relationship between set pressure and device output was y = 0.9735x + 1.0804 with R² = 0.9996. Relative differences from the reference-device means ranged from 1.12% to 5.02%, averaging 2.61%. The IoT system successfully stored pressure, timestamp, serial number, temperature, and humidity; however, decimal formatting for bar values was inconsistent in Google Sheets. The prototype demonstrated strong linearity and repeatability as a pressure-testing and documentation aid. Further work should establish measurement uncertainty, hysteresis, long-term stability, and metrological traceability before the device is used as a calibration standard.
Copyright (c) 2026 MEDIKA TRADA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Analysis of Medical Records Staff Perceptions of RME Use at Indriati Solo Baru Hospital Using the TAM Model
Electronic Medical Records are a health information system whose implementation is mandatory in all healthcare facilities in Indonesia in accordance with Minister of Health Regulation No. 24 of 2022. The success of EMR implementation is determined not only by the technology used but also by user acceptance of the system. This study aims to analyze the influence of medical records staff acceptance on the use of EMR at Indriati Solo Baru Hospital based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) approach. The study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The study sample consisted of 45 medical records staff selected using total sampling. Data collection was conducted using a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using the Chi-Square test and Fisher’s Exact Test. The results showed that the majority of respondents were female (62.2%), aged 20–30 years (71.1%), held a D3 degree (91.1%), and had 1–5 years of work experience (51.1%). EHR usage was in the optimal category for 25 respondents (55.6%). The analysis results showed that perceived benefits (sig. = 0.473), perceived ease of use (sig. = 1.000), and intention to use (sig. = 0.473) did not have a significant effect on RME usage. Meanwhile, attitude had a significant effect on RME usage (sig. = 0.037). It was concluded that attitude is a factor influencing RME usage at Indriati So Hospital.
Analysis of Cardiac Arrhythmia Detection Using Spectrograms and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) for Nursing Care
Cardiac arrhythmia is a leading cause of sudden death, requiring rapid detection in emergency department nursing care. Manual interpretation of electrocardiograms (ECGs) is often time-consuming and prone to human error. This study aims to develop a lightweight and accurate automated arrhythmia classification system using a deep learning approach. The proposed method transforms one-dimensional ECG signals into two-dimensional visual representations in the form of spectrograms using the Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT). The 48 x 48 pixel resolution spectrogram images are then classified using a 4-block Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture to detect four rhythm classes: Normal, Atrial Fibrillation (AFib), Ventricular Tachycardia (VTach), and Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT). Test results show that the model achieves 100% accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score on the test data. The novelty of this research lies in the integration of Confidence Score Thresholds (>90%, 70-90%, <70%) as a clinical decision support system for nurses. With minimal computational overhead, this system can operate in real time on standard devices, supporting accelerated medical response without requiring extensive hardware infrastructure.
Analysis of the Influence Service Quality on Outpatient Satisfaction at Mojosongo Boyolali Community Health Center Moderated by Payment Type
Service quality is a factor that can influence the level of patient satisfaction in obtaining health services. This study aims to determine how service quality can influence outpatient satisfaction with the type of payment as a moderating variable at the Mojosongo Boyolali Community Health Center. This study used a quantitative analytical method with a cross-sectional approach. The number of samples in this study was 355 respondents selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires with a Likert scale of 1 to 4 to patients at the Mojosongo Boyolali Community Health Center. Data analysis used validity tests, reliability tests, and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) tests. The results showed that service quality can influence outpatient satisfaction with a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05) and a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.682. The results of the moderation test showed that the type of payment was unable to moderate the effect of service quality on patient satisfaction with a significance value of the interaction variable of 0.054 (>0.05). This indicates that the type of payment does not influence the extent of patient satisfaction. Therefore, to increase the satisfaction of outpatients at the Mojosongo Boyolali Community Health Center, comprehensive improvements in service quality need to be continuously carried out.
Analysis of the Implementation of Hospital Management Information Systems Using the HOT-Fit Method at Sebelas Maret University Hospital
The implementation of the Hospital Management Information System (SIMRS) is an important part of supporting fast, accurate, and integrated health services. Sebelas Maret University Hospital has implemented the Techno Medic application to support Electronic Medical Records (EMR) in outpatient services. This study aims to determine the implementation of SIMRS based on the HOT-Fit approach, which includes Human, Organization, Technology, and Benefit aspects. The study used a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques such as in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Research informants consisted of outpatient registration officers, heads of medical records, and IT staff. The results showed that users were able to operate the system quite well despite having never received formal training from the vendor. The system learning process was carried out independently through manuals and assistance from colleagues. Organizational support has been provided through the provision of supporting facilities, but there is no specific SOP regarding the use of SIMRS Techno Medic. From a technological aspect, the system is considered easy to use and has features that assist services, but still encountered obstacles such as network disruptions and errors in the BPJS bridging process. From a benefits aspect, SIMRS helps speed up services, facilitates patient data retrieval, and reduces data input errors. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the implementation of the Techno Medic SIMRS at UNS Hospital has been quite successful. However, further training, the development of specific SOPs, and periodic system development are still needed. Keywords: SIMRS, HOT-Fit, electronic medical records, hospital services, Techno Medic.
Comparative Analysis of Manual and Electronic Medical Record Data Quality at Panti Waluyo Yakkum Hospital, Surakarta
The quality of medical record data is an important component in supporting the quality of health services, decision making, and continuity of patient services. This study aims to compare the quality of manual and electronic medical record data based on the completeness of the discharge summary at Panti Waluyo Yakkum Hospital, Surakarta. The research method used a comparative quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach on 756 samples, consisting of 378 manual medical records and 378 electronic medical records, with descriptive analysis and the Mann Whitney test. The results showed the completeness level of manual medical records was 64.08%, while the electronic medical records were 98.94%. The Mann Whitney test showed a significance value of 0.000 (p<0.05) with a manual Mean Rank of 217.50 and electronic 539.50, so there was a significant difference between the two. Electronic medical records showed better data quality because the system was more structured and integrated. In conclusion, the data quality of electronic medical records was better than manual medical records. Hospitals are advised to optimize the use of electronic medical records, evaluate the completeness of documents, and improve the training of health workers.
Analysis of Factors Affecting the Length of Postoperative Patient Care at RSUD Bung Karno Surakarta
A health service facility is a tool and/or place used to carry out health service efforts, both promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative. Hospitals must pay attention to the quality and safety of patients. One of the indicators of the quality of hospital inpatient services is Length of Stay (LOS). This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the Length of Stay (LOS) of postoperative patients at Bung Karno Hospital Surakarta and determine the most dominant factors. The research method used a retrospective quantitative design with patient medical record data for the period January-December 2025 as many as 350 samples determined using the Slovin formula. Data analysis was carried out bivariously using the Chi-square test and the Eta test, as well as multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression. The results of the study showed that most patients experienced non-ideal LOS. Age variables and comorbid diagnosis had a significant association with LOS, while gender, type of surgery, complications, way home, and payment type showed no significant relationship. Multivariate analysis showed that comorbid diagnosis was the most dominant factor influencing LOS, followed by age. The conclusion of this study shows that the length of postoperative patient care is more influenced by clinical conditions, especially comorbid diagnosis and age. Therefore, it is recommended that hospitals improve the management of patients with comorbidities as well as the quality of medical record recording to support clinical decision-making and improve service quality.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ULTRASOUND PHANTOM WITH MODIFIED VISCOSITY TO SIMULATE HUMAN SOFT TISSUE
The diagnostic accuracy and success of ultrasound-based intervention procedures depend heavily on the quality of device calibration and the expertise of medical personnel. The development of ultrasound phantoms that can realistically replicate the acoustic and mechanical properties of human soft tissue is a crucial requirement in medical education and the standardisation of electromedical technology. This study aims to develop and evaluate a method for producing soft tissue USG phantoms with modified viscosity and elasticity using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) material, as well as integrating 3D printing technology to achieve anatomical accuracy. The phantoms were developed using a mixture of low and high viscosity PVA variants with the addition of ethylene glycol as a freeze-protectant. The fabrication process was carried out through a strictly controlled freeze-thaw cycle to manipulate the shear modulus and viscosity separately. Characterisation was performed through longitudinal sound velocity measurements (frequency 5–20 MHz), microstructure evaluation with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and viscoelastic property testing using shear wave viscoelastography based on the Kelvin-Voigt model. The results show that the use of cryoprotectant produces a more homogeneous microstructure with a shear modulus of approximately 2.17 kPa and a viscosity of approximately 2.0 Pa · s, which is close to the physiological characteristics of human soft tissue. Acoustic parameters showed a sound velocity ranging from 1510–1571 m/s with an attenuation exponent of 1.23–1.38 dB/cm/MHz, meeting clinical range standards. The integration of natural fibres into the bio-elastomer matrix successfully created anisotropic properties resembling fibrous tissues such as muscle. The independent viscosity modification approach and the use of additive manufacturing provide a flexible platform for producing high- precision ultrasonic phantoms. This innovation supports the development of standardised and safe clinical intervention training tools, as well as reliable calibration instruments for the development of future imaging techniques such as elastography. Keywords: Ultrasonic Phantom, viscosity, PVA, 3D Printing, Medical Calibration.
Development of a Non-Invasive Anemia Detection System Using Photoplethysmography (PPG) and Fuzzy Logic for Hemoglobin Level Estimation
The Anemia is a global health issue affecting many individuals worldwide. Traditional anemia detection through invasive blood testing is often costly, time-consuming, and requires trained medical personnel. This study developed a non-invasive anemia detection system based on Photoplethysmography (PPG) technology and fuzzy logic to estimate hemoglobin (Hb) levels and classify the degree of anemia. The system uses a PPG sensor to measure red and infrared light intensities, which are used to calculate the ratio and estimate the hemoglobin levels. The fuzzy logic system then classifies the estimated Hb results into the categories of Severe Anemia, Moderate Anemia, and Mild Anemia. The results of the study indicate that this system provides an estimated hemoglobin level with an accuracy of 88.42%, and can classify anemia degrees with results comparable to conventional blood testing. This system offers a more practical, efficient, and non-invasive alternative for anemia detection and has the potential to be used for self-health monitoring.
Copyright (c) 2025 MEDIKA TRADA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Analysis of the Efficiency of Universal Bacterial Filters with the Adapter Port on the GE Carescape R860 Ventilator Using the Uncertainty Method
The frequency of filter replacement that must always be replaced increases the hospital's budget requirements for consumables (BHP). An alternative solution is to replace the original filter with a universal filter with the addition of ports so that it can be compatible on the ventilator machine. This study aims to analyze the effect of using universal bacterial filters modified with ports to be compatible with ventilators. The research was conducted with a quantitative approach and internal and external calibration methods according to SNI IEC 62353: 2014 and ISO 80601-2 standards. The parameters tested included tidal volume, minute volume, breath rate, inspiratory-expiratory ratio (I:E), peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), mean airway pressure (MAP), positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), inspiratory time (Ti), and fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO₂). Uncertainty analysis was used to assess the feasibility of the measurement results. The results showed that the use of a universal filter with added ports kept the ventilator performance within the set tolerance limits and was technically feasible. In addition, this solution was able to significantly reduce the cost of filter procurement compared to the original filter.
Analysis of Accuracy flowrate and Uncertainty of Domestic Syringe Pump Products Using the ISO GUM Method
This study evaluates the accuracy of locally manufactured syringe pumps used in Karanganyar District Hospital and analyzes their measurement uncertainty based on the ISO GUM method. Five Indonesian brands (Endo, Esa Tech, Inmedik, KalTech, and Krisma) were tested using an Infusion Device Analyzer at three flow-rate set-points (10, 50, and 100 ml/h) and an occlusion test at 100 ml/h. All devices met the standard tolerance limits (±10% and <20 psi). The expanded uncertainty ranged from ±0.09 to ±0.70 ml/h, indicating reliable measurement performance. KalTech and Inmedik demonstrated the most stable accuracy, while Esa Tech tended to over-read at low flow rates and Krisma showed significant under-reading at high flow rates, though still within acceptable limits. Statistical tests confirmed no significant differences among brands. Overall, the findings support that Indonesia-made syringe pumps meet technical requirements and strengthen the implementation of the national TKDN policy for reducing dependence on imported medical devices.
Design of Monitoring System for Temperature, Humidity, Smoke, Fire, Wind Speed and Wind Direction based on SMS in UNTIRTA's Farm
Farm fires are a major cause of agricultural loss, leading to the destruction of millions of hectares of farmland. In Indonesia alone, the financial losses due to farm fires were estimated at 221 trillion rupiah in 2015. This study proposes the development of an early fire detection and environmental monitoring system that integrates MQ-7 and photodiode sensors for smoke and fire detection, along with additional sensors for monitoring temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction. The system utilizes Short Message Service (SMS) for communication, which was selected due to its low cost, extensive coverage, and ability to facilitate rapid responses during emergencies. Sensor testing revealed that the temperature and humidity sensors (DHT11) exhibited a temperature deviation of 0.37°C and a humidity error of 2 Percent. The photodiode sensor successfully detected fire at distances of up to 150 cm, especially at night, under low light intensity conditions (0-10 Lux). The GSM communication module showed an average response time of 2 seconds, with a deviation range of 1 to 4 seconds between the sending and receiving of SMS messages. The system demonstrated its effectiveness in detecting fire and monitoring environmental parameters, providing real-time alerts every 10 minutes via SMS. This system offers a reliable, cost-effective solution for early fire detection and continuous environmental monitoring, enabling timely intervention to mitigate farm fire risks.
The Effect Of Working Period Of Farmers Using Pesticides On SGPT Levels
To improve the quality and productivity of agricultural products, farmers use pesticides as chemicals that function to control the growth of pests, diseases, and weeds. Excessive use of pesticides can have health impacts, one of which is impaired liver function because pesticides will accumulate in the liver and cannot be broken down or excreted. This will trigger an increase in the number of free radicals and cause hepatocyte cell damage, as well as increase SGPT levels. SGPT is an enzyme normally found in liver cells, but when there is a disruption in liver cells, the enzyme is released into the bloodstream, causing levels to increase and become an indicator of liver dysfunction. This study aims to determine the effect of the work period of farmers using pesticides on SGPT (Serum Glutamic Pyruvate Transaminase) levels. The examination method used is the Photometric method with Bio System BA 200 with a number of 20 samples. Based on the results of the research, it was found that from 20 samples of farmers using pesticides, SGPT levels were still within normal limits according to the reference value of SGPT levels (Male=42 U/L, Female=32 U/L). The results of the SPSS 23 statistical test with a linear regression test obtained a significant value of p (0.237) > α > (0.05) in the work period, so there was no difference in SGPT levels. Thus, it can be concluded that there is no significant effect between the work period of farmers using pesticides with SGPT levels.
Accuracy Analysis of Oxygen Saturation Measurements of TKDN Oximeters Using the Uncertainty Method
This study aims to evaluate the accuracy and effectiveness of several domestic pulse oximeter brands (Elitech, Kaltech, and Endo) and a foreign brand (GE), calibrated using the Prosim SPOT Light SpO₂ Pulse Oximeter Tester. This quantitative study involved three domestically produced oximeters and one imported unit. The oxygen saturation setpoints were varied at 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98%, 99%, and 100%, with three repetitions for each. Data analysis was conducted using the GUM Uncertainty Method and ANOVA statistical testing. The results show that all oximeters have combined uncertainty (expanded uncertainty, U₉₅) values between 0.58–3.23%, with reading deviations from reference values below ±2%, within acceptable tolerance limits. Kaltech and Endo oximeters demonstrated stable performance with no significant differences across saturation setpoints after calibration. Elitech and GE exhibited higher sensitivity to oxygen saturation variations, particularly at lower ranges. The One-Way ANOVA results indicated that Kaltech and Endo had p-values > 0.05, signifying no significant differences, while Elitech and GE showed p < 0.05, indicating differences between setpoints. Overall, domestically produced oximeters showed equivalent performance to imported devices after standard calibration, supporting the enhancement of Domestic Component Level (TKDN) and strengthening the independence of the national medical device industry.
Comparative Performance Analysis of Imported vs. Local NIBP Simulators against Blood Pressure Monitor Using Uncertainty Method
Calibration of non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) devices is essential to ensure measurement accuracy in healthcare services. This study aims to compare the performance of two calibrators, XB1000 and Multisim, in testing two NIBP units using the uncertainty analysis method. Measurements were conducted on systolic, diastolic, and heart rate parameters with a total of 16 data points per parameter. The results show that XB1000 achieved a lower total average expanded uncertainty (U95) of 0.421 mmHg compared to Multisim at 0.529 mmHg. Specifically, XB1000 demonstrated the lowest uncertainty across all parameters, with an overall 20.3% improvement over Multisim. Error analysis indicated that systolic measurements had an average error of 2.063 mmHg, diastolic -1.167 mmHg, and heart rate -0.062 bpm. Based on these findings, XB1000 is recommended as the preferred calibrator for NIBP devices, as it provides lower measurement uncertainty and improved accuracy across all tested parameters.
Analysis of Infusion Pump Accuracy with Domestic Component Level Using Uncertainty Method
Component-Level Domestic Content Policy (TKDN) encourages the utilization of domestically produced medical devices; however, their accuracy and safety must be proven. This study aims to analyze the accuracy of domestic infusion pumps using the uncertainty measurement method. A total of four units from four brands (Endo, ESA Tech, Inmedik, and Krisma Care) were tested on the flow rate parameter with variations of 10, 50, 100, 200, and 300 mL/hour. Each test point was measured six times using a calibrated Fluke IDA 5 Infusion Device Analyzer. Data were analyzed through calculations of mean, correction, standard deviation, and expanded uncertainty (k = 2). Based on the analysis results, all TKDN infusion pumps (100%) met the tolerance limit of ±10% in accordance with the PO.002-18 standard and were declared fit for use. The highest correction value of 25.57 mL/hour (8.5%) was recorded for the Endo brand at a setting of 300 mL/hour, while the lowest correction of 0.21 mL/hour (0.7%) was found in ESA Tech. All measurement points across the four brands showed consistency within the permitted tolerance limits, with measurement uncertainty variations between ±0.15 and ±0.17 mL/hour. These findings prove that domestically produced infusion pumps possess accuracy and reliability equivalent to the standards required for clinical use.
Design of Fetal Doppler Simulator for Fetal Doppler Calibration
The Fetal Doppler Simulator for calibration is a device designed to ensure the accuracy and reliability of Fetal Doppler equipment in monitoring fetal heart rate. Traditionally, calibration of Fetal Doppler devices has relied on limited methods with relatively high costs. Therefore, an alternative calibration medium that is more economical, practical, and reliable is needed. This simulator functions by generating fetal heartbeat signals with various rhythm patterns, ranging from normal conditions to pathological variations such as tachycardia and bradycardia. The research method applied was Research and Development (R&D), which included needs analysis, design planning, feature integration, prototype construction, and performance testing. The test results showed that the Fetal Doppler Simulator was able to generate stable heartbeat simulations with measurement values that remained within acceptable tolerance limits (≤5%). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the development of this Fetal Doppler Simulator is feasible and effective as a calibration medium. This research is expected to offer a practical alternative for healthcare facilities to perform Fetal Doppler calibration at a lower cost.
DESIGN OF ELECTRIC CAUTERY SURGICAL INSTRUMENT BASED ON ARDUINO
The development of electromedical technology encourages the creation of safer and more efficient surgical tools, one of which is electric cautery. This study aims to design and build an electric cautery prototype based on an Arduino Uno microcontroller equipped with a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) to display current (0–6 A) and frequency (0–50 Hz) parameters in real-time. The research method uses a Research and Development (R&D) approach, starting from the design stage, prototyping, to functional testing and simple clinical trials on chicken tissue. The test results show that the tool has a high level of accuracy, with a maximum relative error of 3.9% in current and 1.6% in frequency, still within the tolerance limits of the IEC 60601-2-2 standard. Simple clinical trials show that the tool is able to cut tissue well while coagulating so that the wound area remains neatly closed. These findings indicate that Arduino-based electric cautery with real-time monitoring features can be an innovative and safer alternative compared to conventional devices, although further clinical trials with stricter medical standards are still needed.
Workload Analysis Medical Record Unit at Roemani Muhammadiyah Hospital Semarang 2025 Using the NASA-TLX Method
The Medical Records Unit plays a crucial role in ensuring the completeness and accuracy of patient information in hospitals. A high workload in this unit can impact Performance and service quality. One of the factors that triggers workload is the transition process from a manual system to Electronic Medical Records (EMR), as occurred at Roemani Muhammadiyah Hospital in Semarang City. This study aims to analyze the workload level of Medical Records Unit staff using the NASA-TLX method, which assesses six dimensions: Mental Demand, Physical Demand, Temporal Demand, Performance, Effort, and Frustration Level. This study design was cross-sectional with a total sampling of six respondents from the Filling, Coding, and Assembling Units. Data were collected using the NASA-TLX questionnaire and analyzed based on the rating score and weighting of each dimension. The results of the study show the average value per dimension, namely: Mental Demand (MD) 480, Physical Demand (PD) 464, Temporal Demand (TD) 420, Performance (P) 440, Effort 420, and Frustration (F) 280. The total overall score is 2,504, with a final NASA-TLX score of 78.25, which is classified as a high workload category. The dominant dimension contributing to the workload is Performance (P). These results are expected to be a reference for hospitals in evaluating work systems and supporting the welfare of staff during the digitalization transition period.
Design Of Phantom Ultrasonography For Ultrasonography (USG) Calibration
This study aims to design and build an Ultrasonography (USG) Phantom as an ultrasound calibration medium with more affordable materials but still meets quality and precision standards. The USG Phantom is designed using two basic materials, namely distilled water and engine oil, to then compare its performance in producing ultrasonic images. The research method used is an experiment with the stages of tool design, phantom manufacturing, and functional testing using Vertical and Horizontal Distance parameters. Testing was carried out with a convex USG transducer at Roemani Muhammadiyah Hospital Semarang. The test results show that the engine oil-based phantom provides a clearer and more stable image compared to water. The results of vertical distance measurements show the smallest absolute error value of 0.01cm (0.1mm) on objects 1–2 with a relative error value of 0.3%, and the largest of 0.09cm (0.9mm) on objects 7–8 with a relative error value of 4.5%. Meanwhile, for horizontal distance, the smallest absolute error value was recorded at 0.14 cm (1.4 mm) on objects 1–2 with a relative error value of 6.8%, and the largest was 0.19 cm (1.9 mm) on objects 2–3 and 4–5 with a relative error value of 9.5%. All vertical and horizontal error values ​​were still within the AAPM TG‑1 tolerance limits, which were ±2 mm or ±2% for vertical measurements and ±3 mm or ±3% for horizontal measurements. Thus, the engine oil phantom can be categorized as a suitable ultrasound calibration medium that is economical, effective, and meets international accuracy standards. This research is expected to be a practical solution for healthcare facilities to perform ultrasound calibration at a lower cost.
IMPLEMENTATION OF DIABETES MELLITUS HANDLING PROTOCOLS IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS AT PANTI DHARMA BAKTI KASIH SURAKARTA
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the chronic diseases that often occurs in the elderly population, especially in nursing homes. The management of DM in geriatric patients requires a special approach that takes into account their physical, psychological, and social conditions. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the DM management protocol for geriatric patients at the Wonogiri Nursing Home and to identify its impact on blood sugar control and patients' quality of life. The study employed a quantitative research method with a pre-experimental design, involving 30 geriatric patients diagnosed with DM. Data were collected through direct observation using the Diabetes Quality of Life (DQOL) questionnaire. The results of the study using the non-parametric Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test showed that before the protocol was implemented, 23 people (60.52%) had been diagnosed with DM and required monitoring and further management, while 15 participants (39.48%) were in the pre-diabetes category) and after implementation (31 participants (81.58%) showed improvement toward the pre-diabetes category, while 7 participants (18.42%) remained in the controlled DM category). The Z-score result of -4.879 with p = 0.000 (p < 0.05) indicates a statistically significant improvement in diabetes status before and after the implementation of the management protocol, and contributes to the control of diabetes complications among the geriatric population at the Panti Dharma Bakti Kasih Surakarta. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, geriatrics, management protocol
Effectiveness Of Satisfaction Of Management Information System Of Pratama Hasna Clinic Using End User Computing Satisfaction (Eucs) Method
Digital transformation in the health sector requires health service facilities to implement efficient and responsive information systems. Hasna Pratama Clinic as a primary clinic in Semarang City has implemented the Clinic Management Information System (SIM Klinik) since 2024, but its implementation has not been optimal. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of SIM Clinic user satisfaction using the End User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS) approach. The assessment was carried out on five dimensions of content, accuracy, format, ease of use, and timeliness. A qualitative descriptive approach was used through in-depth interviews and direct observation of health workers. The results of the study indicate that in general the system is considered quite good in terms of ease of use and display efficiency, but is still weak in terms of data integration, medical history, and system stability. These findings provide an important contribution to the development of more effective information systems in primary health care. Keywords: Clinical SIM, User Satisfaction, EUCS, Electronic Medical Record, Health Information System
Infant Warmer Control Equipped with Battery and Inverter
A common problem that occurs in newborn babies is difficulty in adjusting body temperature to the surrounding environment. The baby's body temperature while in the womb ranges from 34°C to 37°C. When born, babies are susceptible to experiencing a decrease in body temperature which can cause hypothermia. Hypothermia is one of the main causes of death in newborns. Infant Warmer is a medical device specifically designed to provide a stable body temperature to newborns or premature babies. The main purpose of using an infant warmer is to prevent hypothermia, which is a condition of body temperature that is too low, which can cause serious health problems in babies. The PID (Proportional, Integral, Derivative) controller is a combination of Proportional, Integral, Derivative controllers that cover each other. . By using all three as Proprtional, Integral, Derivative control elements, each as a whole aims to accelerate the system reaction, use offsets and produce large initial changes. The PID controller calculates the error as the difference between the measured process variable and the desired set point. After designing the software using Arduino and having designed the hardware, a function test and data collection were carried out on the tool that will be discussed in this chapter which aims to prove the truth of the results of the circuit design and testing the function of the tool obtained by the author from the data taken from the specified measurement point, then it will be analyzed to determine how big the error rate is which will be expressed in percent (%).
Copyright (c) 2025 MEDIKA TRADA : Journal of Electromedical Engineering Polbitrada https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Analysis of Medical Device Maintenance System
Abstrak Maintenance of medical equipment is very necessary and is even a priority in important programs in a health service. As per the Regulation of the Minister of Health (Permenkes) Number 15 of 2023. concerning the maintenance of medical devices in health service facilities. More specifically, as mandated by Law Number 44 of 2009 concerning Hospitals, medical equipment must be tested and calibrated. The purpose of this study is to determine the correct method and procedure for maintaining medical devices. While the purpose of maintaining the device is to maintain the level of accuracy of the device and to be able to operate properly. This study uses the Literature Review Article method using 15 journals as data sources which are electronic data. The results of this study contain several aspects in the maintenance of health equipment. In addition, from various literatures, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between tool maintenance and the quality assurance of the period of use of the device and also the quality of the examination results using the device. As a suggestion for implementing tool maintenance, testing and calibration of health devices should not only be to fulfill existing regulations or regulations. However, the most important thing is how to guarantee the quality of medical services and patient safety.
IOT-BASED ONLINE CONTROL SYSTEM FOR OXYGEN CYLINDER MANIFOLD WITH REAL-TIME MONITORING AND ALARM INTEGRATION
Accurate This research develops an Internet of Things (IoT)-based online control system for oxygen cylinder manifolds in medical facilities. This system utilizes pressure sensors, ESP32 modules, and cloud platforms to monitor oxygen pressure in real-time. For example, the pressure sensor used can accurately measure the oxygen pressure in the cylinder and transfer the data to the ESP32 module for processing. Then, the data is sent via Wi-Fi network to a web dashboard and mobile application. For example, medical personnel can easily monitor oxygen pressure from their smartphones, even when they are not in the same room as the oxygen cylinder. In addition, this system is equipped with an automatic alarm mechanism via the Notification App if an anomaly occurs such as a decrease in pressure or leakage. For example, if the oxygen pressure in the cylinder drops below a safe limit, the Notification App will automatically alert medical personnel to take immediate action. The test results showed a response time of less than 4 seconds and a sensor accuracy rate of ±2%. With fast response time and high accuracy, the system can provide timely and accurate information to medical personnel. The system offers an economical and scalable solution to improve the efficiency and safety of oxygen gas distribution in hospitals. In addition, the implementation of this system can reduce operational costs in manual monitoring of oxygen cylinders, saving time and resources. By adopting IoT technology in oxygen management in medical facilities, hospitals can improve the quality of patient care and ensure sufficient oxygen availability consistently.
Profile of Acetyl Cholinesterase Level In Farmers Using Pesticides In Jeneponto Regency
Pesticides are chemicals used to control pest or overcome problems in plants due to pests or plant-disturbing organisms. One indicator to determine the impact of pesticide poisoning on humans is the examination of acetyl cholinesterase. If there is a decrease in the activity of this enzyme, it can cause nervous system disorders, namely symptomps of acute pesticide poisoning such as headaches, nausea, vomiting, skin irritation and even blindness. The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of acetyl cholinesterase levels in farmers using pesticides in Jeneponto Regency. The method used is the butyrylthiocholine method with a sample size of 15 samples. The results of the examination of 15 samples obtained were 1 sample had a decreased acetyl cholinesterase level of 1,749 µ / L compared to the normal reference value of 4,620 - 11,500 µ / L. while the other 14 samples obtained cholinesterase levels with normal values. It can be concluded that the profile of acetyl cholinesterase levels of farmers using pesticides with an age range of 20 years and over and a work period of > 3 years is still in the normal category.
Development of an MQ-135-Based Indoor Cigarette Smoke Level Detection System
Cigarette smoke is one of the main sources of indoor air pollution that contains harmful chemical compounds such as carbon monoxide, ammonia, and other particles that can disrupt the human respiratory system. To monitor and detect unhealthy air conditions due to cigarette smoke, this study aims to develop an air quality detection system based on the Wemos D1 microcontroller with MQ-135 and DHT11 sensors. The system is designed to identify bad air parameters based on MQ-135 values above 400 ppm, temperatures above 30°C, and humidity below 40%. The sensor reading results are displayed in real-time on a 128x64 OLED screen and stored into the SD Card memory card. In addition, the buzzer will activate as a warning alarm when the air conditions are declared unhealthy. System development involves the integration of hardware and software, with a focus on accuracy, efficiency, and ease of use. It is hoped that this system can help users in effectively monitoring air quality and take preventive measures to reduce the risk of health problems due to indoor cigarette smoke exposure.
Portable Vital Sign Device With SpO2 And Heart Rate Parameters Equipped With ESP32-Based TFT Screen
Portable vital sign devices with SpO2 (oxygen saturation in the blood) and heart rate parameters are designed to be portable devices that are easy to operate by users and can provide accurate monitoring results. This device uses SpO2 and heart rate sensors integrated with the ESP32 microcontroller, where the data reading results are displayed directly on the TFT screen. The measurement results from the device show that the average SpO2 value measured by this device has a difference of 0.4% with an average accuracy of 99.6% compared to the results of the standard device. The Heart Rate value has a difference of 3.2 BPM (beats per minute) with an average accuracy of 97.56% compared to the standard device. This shows that the device can be trusted to provide accurate vital data for users. With these advantages, the ESP32-based Vital Sign Monitor device is expected to be an efficient and economical solution for health monitoring in various environments, including homes and health facilities with limited resources
Analysis of the OWASP V4.2 Method in Hospital Information System Security Testing
This research aims to identify and mitigate security vulnerabilities in the Hospital Information System (SIMRS) using the OWASP Web Security Testing Guide (WSTG) v4.2 based testing method. With the help of the OWASP ZAP tool, various vulnerabilities were identified, such as SQL Injection, weaknesses in session management, lack of security attributes in cookies, and disclosure of sensitive information through URLs or code comments. SQL Injection was identified as the highest risk vulnerability, as it potentially allows attackers to access, manipulate, or delete sensitive data in the database. In addition, weaknesses in cookie attributes, such as HttpOnly and SameSite, and the absence of an anti-CSRF mechanism, indicate potential threats in the form of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) and Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF). The implementation of a solution based on WSTG v4.2 involves steps such as the implementation of HTTPS encryption, the use of prepared statements for database interaction, the application of security headers such as Content-Security-Policy (CSP), and input validation to reduce the risk of XSS. In addition, code audits were conducted to remove sensitive comments, while hidden files or unnecessary backups were removed to minimize the potential for information leakage. Test results after the implementation of the solution showed a significant improvement in the security level of the application. This research proves that the WSTG v4.2-based approach can provide comprehensive and systematic guidance in web application security testing. With these results, organizations, particularly in the healthcare sector, can ensure better protection of patient data and comply with applicable information security standards.
IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL MOVING AVERAGE FILTER ON SKIN SENSOR INFANT WARMER TO MEASURE TEMPERATURE
Accurate and stable measurement of a baby's body temperature is a critical element in neonatal care, especially for premature babies or babies with medical conditions that require intensive attention. Currently, skin sensors integrated with infant warmers are a common solution for continuously monitoring baby's body temperature. However, temperature fluctuations and environmental noise can interfere with measurement accuracy. This research aims to increase the accuracy of temperature measurements using the Digital Moving Average Filter (DMAF) on the skin sensor in the infant warmer. DMAF is applied to reduce noise and fluctuations, thereby producing more stable and accurate temperature data. This method was tested using a dataset of temperature measurements from newborn babies. The results show a significant improvement in temperature measurement accuracy of up to 97.94%, with a substantial reduction in fluctuations and noise. In addition, temperature fluctuations do not exceed 1 degree Celsius after using the DMAF method. Thus, the application of DMAF to skin sensor infant warmers provides clear benefits in improving the quality of neonatal care by providing more precise and responsive temperature control, as well as reducing the risk of dangerous medical conditions due to temperature instability. These findings provide a strong foundation for further development in sensor technology and temperature regulation in infant warmers, with great potential to improve the safety and well-being of newborns.
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